mohammad alizadeh; Abolghasem Golkhandan
Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to analysis the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on energy consumption in the MENA region selected countries during the period 1995-2011. For this purpose, used the model presented by Sadorsky (2012) and three indicators that measured ICT: the ...
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The main objective of this paper is to analysis the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on energy consumption in the MENA region selected countries during the period 1995-2011. For this purpose, used the model presented by Sadorsky (2012) and three indicators that measured ICT: the number of Internet users, the number of mobile lines and the number of telephone lines. Also, estimated and analyzed the short run and long run elasticities between the variables of the model using a system generalized method of moments (GMM-SYS). The results show that the development of ICT with each three measured indices, increased energy consumption per capita in MENA region selected countries in the short run and long run. So that a one percent increases in this indicator, average of energy consumption increases in the short run and long run respectively 0.007 and 0.089 percent.
Mohammad Alizadeh; Abolghasem Golkhandan
Abstract
Abstract
In this context, this article tries to presents a conceptual model of the factors affecting the government size and empirical test through econometric generalized methods of moments (GMM) by using data from 15 developing countries, review relationship between fiscal decentralization and the ...
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Abstract
In this context, this article tries to presents a conceptual model of the factors affecting the government size and empirical test through econometric generalized methods of moments (GMM) by using data from 15 developing countries, review relationship between fiscal decentralization and the government size. The results of dynamic panel data indicate a positive effect of income and expenses fiscal decentralization and meaningless effect of vertical imbalance on the government size and therefore cannot approve the Leviathan hypothesis for the countries studied. Other results of this study indicate a positive and significant influence on the government size of GDP per capita (confirmed the Wagner’s low), the degree of openness of the economy (confirmed the Rodrik hypothesis) and democracy net and it negative influence of degree of urbanization.
Keywords: Fiscal Decentralization, Government Size, Developing Countries, Leviathan Hypothesis, Generalized Method of Moments (GMM).
JELClassification: C23, H5, H7.
